IED INFORMATION GUIDE: JANUARY 2003
The Industry Economics Division (IED) of the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) prepares and publishes a variety of economic statistics on industries. Specifically, it prepares the input-output accounts, the gross domestic product by industry accounts, and two satellite accounts--one for transportation and one for travel and tourism. As outlined below, the data are published in the Survey of Current Business (Survey) or other publications. Most of the data are also available on diskette (3 1/2" high density). NOTE that
most IED data products previously available on diskettes are now also available as
downloadable compressed files by clicking on the title of a diskette, or its BEA product
ID number, in this Guide.
CONTENTS
-
Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy
-
Overview and Uses
- Availability of Data
-
Free Downloadable Data
- Purchased Data
- Availability of Survey Articles and Other Documents
-
Online Articles
- Online Documents
- Gross Domestic Product by Industry Accounts
-
Overview and Uses
- Availability of Data
- Free Downloadable Data
- Summary Data Tables
- Availability of Survey Articles
- U.S. Transportation Satellite Accounts
-
Overview and Uses
-
Availability of Data
- Availability of Survey Articles
- U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts
-
Overview and Uses
- Availability of Survey Articles
Telephone and E-mail Contacts for IED Data Users
How to Order
I. Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy
A. Overview and uses
Overview
The input-output (I-O) accounts show how industries interact; specifically, they show how industries provide input to, and use output from, each other to produce gross domestic product. These accounts provide detailed information on the flows of the goods and services that make up the production processes of industries.
The Industry Economics Division (IED) prepares both benchmark and annual I-O
accounts. The benchmark accounts are based on detailed data from the economic
censuses conducted every 5 years by the Bureau of the Census. They are published
at the summary level and at the detailed level. The annual accounts are prepared
for selected years between the benchmarks. These accounts are based on less
comprehensive data than the data from the censuses, and they are published at
the summary level.
The I-O accounts are presented in five tables: A make table, a use table, a
direct requirements table, and three total requirements tables. The make table
shows the commodities that are produced by each industry. The use table shows
the inputs to industry production and the commodities that are consumed by final
users. The three requirements tables are derived from the make and the use tables.
The direct requirements table shows the amount of a commodity that is required
by an industry to produce a dollar of the industry's output. The three total
requirements tables show the production that is required, directly and indirectly,
from each industry and each commodity to deliver a dollar of a commodity to
final users.
In addition, supplementary tables present more detailed information. For example, one table provides a bridge between the categories of producers' durable equipment in the national income and product accounts (NIPA's) and the commodities in gross private fixed investment in the I-O accounts. Another table, the capital flows table, shows the detailed types of new equipment and structures used by industries.
Uses of the accounts
The I-O accounts can be used to study industry production or as a framework for preparing other economic statistics. The accounts are an important tool for analysis because they show the production functions of individual industries and the interactions among producers and between producers and final users in the economy. Specifically, these accounts can be used
- To estimate the direct and indirect effects of changes in final uses on industries
and commodities; for example, to estimate the effects of a strike or a natural
disaster on the economy, or, supplemented with additional information, to
estimate the effects of an increase in U.S. exports on employment
- To provide detail that is essential in determining weights for price indexes,
such as the producer price index compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics,
and quantity indexes, such as the quantity index for gross domestic product
by industry compiled by IED
- To provide the basis for benchmarking the NIPA's every 5 years
- To provide a framework and data for the preparation of other economic statistics,
such as the transportation satellite accounts and the travel and tourism satellite
accounts, both of which are prepared by IED
B. Availability of data
1. Free downloadable data
The I-O data products previously available on diskettes are now also available in downloadable compressed (self-extracting ZIP format) ASCII files. Click on the title of a diskette, or its BEA product ID number, listed below. (Opening Zipped Files Instructions)
Benchmark Tables
/*/ The estimates provided in these files are not
official; they are considered somewhat less reliable than other estimates, but
they are made available for research purposes. Annual Tables
2. Purchased data
The following publications are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office (click here for ordering information):
| Title |
Stock number
|
Price |
| Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the United States, 1992 |
003-010-00275-1 |
$31.00 |
| Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the United States, 1987 |
003-010-00251-4 |
$36.00 |
Note that the methodology
and appendixes of the first publication mentioned above are also
available online.
C. Availability of Survey articles and other documents
For detailed information and analysis, see the following articles that were published either in the Survey of Current Business (Survey), the monthly journal of BEA, or in separate documents:
1. Online articles
2. Online document
The methodology
and appendixes (in one document) of the publication mentioned above
in I.B.2, Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the United States, 1992
II. Gross Domestic Product by Industry Accounts
A. Overview and uses
Overview
The Industry Economics Division (IED) prepares estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) by industry. GDP by industry is a measure of the contribution of each private industry and of government to the Nation's gross domestic product. It is defined as an industry's gross output less its purchases of intermediate inputs. (Gross output consists of sales or receipts and other operating income, commodity taxes, and inventory change; intermediate inputs consist of the goods and services that are purchased for use in production from other industries or imported.)
IED prepares estimates of GDP by industry for 62 private industries and 4 government classifications (Federal general government and government enterprises and State and local general government and government enterprises). These estimates indicate the industry shares of current-dollar GDP, the composition of current-dollar GDP by industry, and the relative performance of industries in terms of quantity indexes and real growth rates. In addition, IED prepares estimates of the contributions to the growth in real GDP by industry groups because measures based on chained dollars are not additive and because the associated contributions to the growth in real GDP can be misleading for years far from the reference year.
IED also prepares estimates of current-dollar GDP by industry by detailed income component, estimates of current-dollar and real gross output and intermediate inputs for selected industries, and price measures for GDP by industry, gross output, and intermediate inputs.
Uses of the accounts
The estimates of GDP by industry can be used to examine changes in the structure of the U.S. economy and the importance of an industry and its contribution to GDP. Specifically, the estimates can be used
- To identify changes in labor and capital shares
- To study production, capacity, and productivity across industries
- To compare price changes across industries
B. Availability of data
1. Free downloadable data
The GDP by industry data products previously available on diskettes are now
also available in downloadable compressed (self-extracting ZIP format) ASCII
files. Click on the title of a diskette, or its BEA product ID number, listed
below: (Opening Zipped Files Instructions)
NOTE: A free download has now replaced the GDP by Industry and Gross State
Product CD-ROM (RCN-0265). Click on Gross
State Product.
2. Summary data tables (HTML format):
C. Availability of Survey articles
For detailed information and analysis, see the following online articles that were published in the Survey of Current Business (Survey), the monthly journal of BEA:
III. U.S. Transportation Satellite Accounts
A. Overview and uses
Overview
The U.S. transportation satellite accounts (TSA's) show a detailed picture of transportation services and their role in the U.S. economy. These accounts were jointly developed by the Industry Economics Division (IED) and by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics in the U.S. Department of Transportation in order to more accurately measure the contribution of transportation activities to the U.S. economy.
These accounts present estimates of both transportation services that are hired and transportation services that a firm provides for its own use (own account). The estimates are presented in dollars rather than in the more usual physical units.
The TSA's consist of four tables--a make table, a use table, a direct requirements table, and a total requirements table. These tables are based on the input-output tables, but they have been expanded to include own-account transportation services as a commodity and as an industry. The make table shows the commodities that are produced by each industry. The use table shows the factors of that production--the commodities, or intermediate inputs, and the labor and capital, or value added--and the commodities that are consumed by final users. The direct requirements table shows the amount of a commodity that is required by an industry to produce a dollar of the industry's output. The total requirements table shows the production that is required, directly and indirectly, from each industry to deliver a dollar of a commodity to final users.
Uses of the accounts
The TSA's can be used to determine the size of the transportation activities in the U.S. economy and the contribution of transportation to gross output and gross domestic product. Specifically, the accounts can be used
- To identify the industries that account for the most transportation activities
- To estimate the proportion of services that are hired and that are provided
by firms (own-account services)
- To identify the industries that are the biggest users of transportation services
- To estimate the share of transportation services in the production costs of
these industries
- To estimate the shares of government spending and business spending for transportation-related
structures and equipment, such as highways and trucks
B. Availability of data
The TSA's data products previously available on diskettes are now also available in down-loadable compressed (self-extracting ZIP format) ASCII files. Click on the title of a diskette, or its BEA product ID number, listed below: (Opening Zipped Files Instructions)
C. Availability of Survey articles
For detailed information and analysis, see the following online articles published in the Survey of Current Business (Survey), the monthly journal of BEA:
IV. U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts
A. Overview and uses
Overview
The U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts (TTSA's) show a detailed picture of the travel and tourism industries and their role in the U.S. economy. These accounts were developed by the Industry Economics Division (IED), with the support of the Tourism Industries Office of the International Trade Administration, in order to more accurately measure the contribution of travel and tourism to the economy.
These accounts present estimates of the expenditures by tourists, or visitors, for 20 types of commodities and estimates of the output of 20 travel and tourism industries. The accounts also present estimates of income generated by travel and tourism and estimates of employment in the travel and tourism industries.
The TTSA's are extensions of the U.S. input-output accounts. The methods used to prepare the TTSA's are consistent with the methods used to estimate U.S. gross domestic product (GDP), national income, and other national economic measures.
The TTSA's show
- Total sales of travel industries, such as airlines, and of tourism industries,
such as hotels
- Expenditures for tourism as a share of GDP
- Value added by tourism industries
- Employment and employee compensation accounted for by the travel and tourism
industries
- Demand for tourism as measured by tourists' spending
Uses of the accounts The TTSA's can be used to determine the size of tourism and the components of travel and tourism. Specifically, these accounts can be used
- To determine the shares of the goods and services that were sold to visitors
and the shares that were sold to local residents
- To assess the effects of travel and tourism on the U.S. economy
- To examine the relationships among the travel and tourism industries
- To determine the expenditures of tourists
- To compare travel and tourism industries to other manufacturing and services
industries
B. Availability of Survey articles
For detailed information and analysis, see the following online articles that were published in the Survey of Current Business (Survey), the monthly journal of BEA:
TELEPHONE AND E-MAIL CONTACTS FOR DATA USERS - Industry Economics Division
Benchmark Input-Output Accounts: |
| Subject |
Contact person |
Telephone number |
E-mail address |
| General |
Sumiye Okubo |
(202) 606-9612 |
industrysatellites@bea.gov |
BEA Public Information Office: (202) 606-9900
How to Order
In general, all items described here can be obtained by following the instructions
below. Please be sure to mail order forms and payment to the agency that sells
the items that you wish to obtain. Also note that prices are subject to
change.
A. Publications and diskettes
1. The data on industry accounts are published in the Survey of Current Business (Survey) or other publications. Most data are also available on diskette at a price of $20.00 per diskette. NOTE that most IED data products previously
available on diskette are now also available as downloadable compressed files by clicking
on the title of a diskette, or its BEA product ID number, in this Guide.
The Survey is the monthly journal of the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and is
available from the Superintendent of Documents (see below). Annual subscription:
Domestic first-class mail $95.00; domestic second-class mail $50.00, foreign second-class mail $62.50. Single copy: domestic $22.00, foreign $27.50. International customers please add an additional 25 percent.
Note: Beginning with the January 1998 issue, the Survey is available free of charge in PDF on BEA's Web site.
To order IED publications or diskettes from BEA, customers within the United States please call
1-800-704-0415; customers outside the United States please call (202) 606-9666; or send the BEA ORDER FORM to:
BEA Order Desk, BE-53
Bureau of Economic Analysis
U.S. Department of Commerce
Washington, D.C. 20230
Please specify the title of the publication or diskette, its BEA product ID number,
number of copies, and price; include a check or money order made payable to "Bureau
of Economic Analysis, BE-53" or credit card (Visa or MasterCard only) information.
2. To order the Survey and other BEA publications from the Superintendent
of Documents, go to bookstore.gpo.gov or mail the GPO ORDER FORM
and payment to:
Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
Please specify the publication's title, stock number, number of copies, and price;
include a check or money order made payable to "Superintendent of Documents." International customers, please add an additional 25 percent.
Orders may also be placed by telephone (202) 512-1800 (8 a.m.-4:30 p.m. EST, M-F) and by Fax (202) 512-2250 (24 hours a day).
B. News Releases
BEA's news releases are available on www.bea.gov within minutes of their release.
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